Digestive system - the basis of smooth running of the human body

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2018-03-17 22:35:21

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Digestive system provides the human activity through the delivery of necessary nutrients used as energy source and building material. These substances enter the body through the digestive tract whose total length is about 10 meters and having throughout the extension of the cavity and constriction.

The Structure of the human digestive system includes: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, large intestine and small intestine.

The Oral cavity. In this part of the digestive system is directly testing foods, exposure to chemical and physical effects. The chewing of food refers to the second type of impact, and from this initial phase of the system depends on the quality of the receipt and assimilation of nutrients. No wonder, many experts suggest as carefully as possible to chew food which is then under the influence of saliva is formed in a lump of food.

Saliva occupies a rather important role in the process of digestion. It almost entirely consists of water (about 99 %). It contained mucin protein contributes to adhesiveness, the presence of lysozyme provides disinfection of food, and such enzymes as amylase and maltase to break down nutrients.

Anatomy of the digestive system indicates that the next on the oral cavity is the pharynx which is a muscular organ with defined holes (mouth, nasal inputs, the inputs to the esophagus and larynx, and two tubes from the middle ear). Avoid getting food in the way of breathing, the entrance to the larynx is covered by epiglottis.

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The process of swallowing food is due to the contraction of the muscles of the pharynx, through which it enters the esophagus and then through the aperture – into the stomach. Because the esophagus-this muscular tube, through the reduction of these muscles the food is pushed on.

Digestive system includes the stomach, which is located under the diaphragm in the upper part of the abdomen. Nature it there are two openings-the inlet and outlet. The second closes quite strong sphincter muscle (the sphincter). Food delayed in the stomach for a long time (up to 11 hours), where it undergoes a chemical action of the gastric juice is a colorless liquid, containing hydrochloric acid. It is through this component is used for the digestive function. Acid is also destructive influences within the human body bacteria. Therefore, the occurrence of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract appears the risk of Contracting infectious diseases that are transmitted through the digestive system.

Received chyme from the stomach portions through the sphincter gradually enters the intestines. The small intestine begins with the duodenum, into which open the common bile duct and pancreatic duct. Here is the completed digestion under the action of the pancreatic juice and bile.

From the small intestine processed food gradually passes into the colon, which has a length of 2 meters. Here intensively absorbed water and the remnants of junk food are already eliminated from the body. Due to the large number of different bacteria in the intestine, improves digestion. However, there are negative aspects. Thus, under the action of these microorganisms is the destruction of unnecessary food, and toxic compounds for elimination of which the liver is responsible.

Digestive system takes the liver one of the dominant roles. After all, it is the biggest gland of digestion, through which passes and is cleaned all venous blood from stomach, spleen and intestines.

So, digestive system – is a complex system of food processing in the human body each organ of which have a role to play, and if it fails at least one component of this mechanism can develop diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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