Enamel in jewelry: technology application

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2018-03-26 16:48:22

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To Emphasize their individuality, to stand out and attract the attention of others women try stylish haircuts, expensive shoes, nail Polish and original decorations. Many people choose expensive earrings and rings made of gold and silver with precious metals. Others prefer jewelry with enamel or cold. This jewelry is considered unique. The technique of hot enamel is considered a sophisticated skill. Talented craftsmen make jewelry with her irresistible.hot enamel

Variety of jewelry with enamel

Jewelry enamel differ special refinement and beauty. Today, classical, avant-garde, ultra-modern rings and earrings of silver and gold, decorated with enamel are at the peak of popularity. Thanks to this original technique of the master is placed on the bracelets and pendants are true works of art, worthy of admiration.

Jewelers include creative ideas and experience combining new technology metal processing and produce colorful decorations. The colors of these products can be varied. The enamel not only complements crafts, but also protects them from corrosion and mechanical damage. Over time these ornaments does not lose its luster and brightness, they are not afraid of moisture, temperature changes and light.

The Most important advantage of jewelry with enamel is that they are original, emphasize the individuality of his mistress.

What is enameling

The Issue of jewelry, covered with a kind of glaze, and established massively. Nevertheless these decorations are handmade. In the original version each product is different, so they are never repeated.

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The Use of glass, which melts easily on the metal surface professionals called enameling. The composition and application of glazes can be different. There are several techniques of securing material.enamel jewelry

History

The Enamel used for jewelry by the ancient Rusichi. They called it enamel. It was decorated with not only jewelry, but also used for decorative and applied art, designed bowls, cups, caskets, boxes.

The Oldest items with original glaze found in Cyprus during excavations. Traces of this art was found in Egypt, India, Byzantium. Since the Byzantine Empire had close ties with Kievan Rus, then this technique came to our shores.

In X-XI century in the middle East hot enamel applied on the ornaments and utensils. Masters of the Byzantine Empire also put it on the dishes.

The heyday of the enamel occurred in the XII-XVI century. Then the Chinese emperors ordered to combine the metal with the casting. So, the enamel began to be applied on the copper. For this, a special part of the blue. Later equipment in blue tones became the property of Chinese applied art. The Chinese technique of enameling is popular around the world. Patterns in the celestial scheme covers not only jewelry but also jewelry boxes, saucers, cups, vases, goblets.

Later the application of hot enamel began to be used not only for items of the kitchen, but framed it icons, mirrors, salaries. In the XIX-XX centuries has become a popular art Nouveau when art glaze designed jewelry and decorative items. Chemistry is advanced and because of this, specialists have developed a palette of shades for enamel.

Cloisonne jewelry enamel

The Most elegant technique of hot enamel is cloisonne. First, on a copper, silver or gold plate placed in the drawing using thin wires. They act as a kind of partitions, between which is filled with colored icing.

In the old days, this technique of decoration was used instead of precious stones. In India there are minakari decoration in which the enamel diversity combined with precious stones. The Indians add a back ornament made of metal or coinage.

A Model is a Chinese cloisonne. Any images you see on this patterned casting! Here and magical little creatures, flowers, petals, grapes, flowery patterns. Many enjoyed the enamel floor vases from China!

Partition refers To the technique of stained-glass enamel. The principles of these two glazes is very similar. Gaps in lined with wire ornament is filled with wet enamel. The product was then dried and rinsed for firing. To get the color pattern, every shade of glaze is fired in a muffle furnace separately. In the end, the melted enamel is like glass.

The Only difference from the stained glass technique of cloisonné in that the former has a transparent structure, if you pick it up to the light. Cloisonne has a metal base, so it is not visible.jewelry with enamel

Champlevé enameling

The Most ancient and the simplest to manufacture is considered champlevé enamel, or "champleve". It is in the creation of the recesses in the metal. Own glaze is easy to apply. It performs a color prints, and magnificent image of alternating metal and enamel.

Most Often the original metal use copper, as it is soft and it is easy to make a donation. Their depth can be different, depends on color saturation. Formaking jewelry has been used for stamped workpiece with grooves that is filled with enamel of different colors.

Transparent or pass-through enamel

This glaze is used in jewelry with precious metals. It can be gold, platinum, silver. This metal, covered with transparent enamel, will Shine through her and to Shine very much. Paint products will be very juicy. Metal under transparent glaze does not tarnish and is protected from mechanical damage.

Deaf enamel

This glaze is also called opaque. Put it on a copper and tombac. Deaf or opal enamel features a huge color range, so that the metal is alternated with a color glaze.

There is still something between transparent and dull enamel. Under different angle of light, it goes from transparent to opalescent, Recalling the play of light with shimmering.earrings enamel silver

The Technology of hot enamel

Jewelry hot enamel used for a long time, although the process of their implementation considered time-consuming. This type of enameling is a leader in the manufacture of jewelry and other products. This glaze is firmly holding on things, because it is baked in special furnaces (muffle) and maintained at a temperature of 600 to 800 °C. the product was Then amenable to cooling, cleaning and polishing.

At first glance, the process seems simple, but patience for such things do not hurt. In the initial form of enamel has a form of a powder. It includes specially selected charge materials: quartz sand, chalk, feldspar, clay. Also this includes soda, borax, potash, and excipients. Necessarily the presence of dyes, oxidizers, mufflers to obtain the opal state.

First, a special container is diluted enamel powder with water until thick sour cream. Then this mass filled the right parts of the jewelry. Before firing the dried product to release air bubbles. Under the influence of temperature enamel is fused and becomes like a glass (transparent or deaf). Then craft grind and succumb to repeated firing. The end result is a perfectly smooth surface.

Polychrome and cloisonne glaze firing do strictly alternately. The longest-fired white enamel, followed by pink and blue. Then fill the cell with green and black glaze. Less heat resistant is the red glaze, it is kept least.

Fill enamel mass is very evenly, to make a flawless surface. Depending on the complexity of decoration with enamel can burn from 5 to 100 times. Need to accurately monitor the time and temperature of roasting. Thus we obtain the unique masterpieces that exist only in a single instance.

Types of cold enameling

Cold enamel is the An plastic, it is easy to apply. There are three types of cold enameling

  • Cold two-component mixture. Its just fill in the decoration. First bred a lot to the consistency of cream by adding a catalyst. Then using the tool put it on a metal surface. The applied mixture is frozen, it is kept for 48 hours at room temperature, then kept for 20 hours at a temperature of 70 °C. the Surface is ceramic-like. The nuances of the glazes can be mixed.
  • Teploenergetika frosting. it is Similar to the hot fill, but fired at a temperature of 160 °C. the Distinguishing feature is that its not polished, not to leave it matte residue. This glaze is not very durable. If it is press hard something is dented.
  • Light-cured fill. the process is similar to filling teeth with a liquid paste. The glaze applied is irradiated with ultraviolet light, after which the enamel hardens. Using this technique most often close up the scratches on jewelry. Light curing the mixture is quite solid, is considered to be intermediate between the cold and hot enamel.the application of hot enamel

Tricks selection of high quality products

Enamelling - the process is laborious, so the jewelry in this technique are expensive. They are considered the premium class products. Buying jewelry with enamel, you should pay attention to the presence of cracks, chips, scratches, bubbles. It is most suitable gold because in a heated state it is not deformed. Look great earrings with enamel in sterling silver. The copper pieces are also quite in tune with a vitreous glaze. The possession and carrying of jewelry with enamel requires the following rules:

  • Do not expose jewelry to shocks, and protect it from friction with metal objects and surfaces;
  • Follow the temperature changes to products are not exposed to sunlight;
  • Put on jewelry after you apply makeup;
  • Avoid contact with chemical substances;
  • Enamel wipe with a soft cloth;
  • Remove earrings and rings with a glaze before going to the pool, shower, bath;
  • Choose jewelry of famous brands (Sokolov, Sunlight).the technique of hot enamel

Differences of hot enamel from the cold

The enamel is more durable and the price is higher than in the cold. Cold enameling there is one more technique - enamel. After applying itblurry colorful designs, like gasoline on water. Become colored stains.

Hot filling is more even, because durable. On the cold enamel are uneven, as it is not polished. Still hot, the glaze shines brightly.

The cold mixtures are also advantages. They are characterized by simplicity, ruggedness, ductility. For the manufacture of such jewelry does not require any special tools. Cold enamelling is suitable for any alloy.

Enamel on gold and silver

A Stunning collection of gold and silver jewelry with enamel make hearts flutter the most sophisticated connoisseurs. Among a huge selection of earrings, rings, bracelet pleases the eye with the harmony of rich colors and faceted gems. Classic black and white look is also in trend today.

Silver pendants, pendants with enamel look just a masterpiece. Rings coated release a massive and sophisticated. They sometimes Encrusted stones. The original sets with enamel will become a decoration for girls of any age and status. Perfectly smooth, flat rings type engagement, which are inscribed with Greek pattern.cold and hot enamels

Who produces jewelry hot enamel

Feminine colored jewelry Czech jewelry presented by several brands. The most famous of these is the Style Avenue. Czech scientists are experimenting with cloisonne cold enameling.

Popular Italian products with the glaze. Here are the most well-known firms: Damiani, Bulgari, Garavelli. Italian crafts surprise your forms in the form of flowers, buds and butterflies.

Georgian enamelled products is called minakari. The colors in them go very smoothly. It is suitable for pendants and rings.

In Russia, especially popular silver jewelry of the company "Sunlight". The surface of this enamel is very smooth, and ornaments made of smooth lines.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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