The names of hurricanes. Rules for naming hurricanes. The most destructive hurricanes in history

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2018-03-18 08:30:33

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Why give the names of the hurricanes? According to what principles is this happening? What category is assigned to such elements? What are the most destructive hurricanes in history? All this we say in our article.

How are the hurricanes?

names of hurricanes

Such natural phenomena originate in tropical zones in the ocean. An obligatory condition is the temperature rise of the water table to 26OC. the Moist air which is in contact with the sea surface gradually rises. To achieve the desired height, it is condensation from the heat. Reaction forces to rise, other air masses. The process becomes cyclical in nature.

The Streams of hot air begin to rotate counterclockwise due to the movement of the planet around its own axis. Formed an abundance of clouds. As soon as the wind speed begins to exceed the figure of 130 km/h, the hurricane has a clear outline, begins to move in a particular direction.

Hurricane Categories

how to give names to hurricanes

A Special scale for determining the nature of damage after natural disasters has been developed by researchers Robert Simpson and Herbert Saffira in 1973. Selection criteria for scholars was founded on the magnitude of storm waves and the speed of the wind. How many categories of hurricanes? There are 5 levels of threat:

  1. Minimum – destructive influences are subjected to small trees and shrubs. Observed minor damage to coastal piers, small court off the anchors.
  2. Mild – trees and shrubs receive significant damage. Some of them pulled out by the roots. Severely injured prefabricated structures. Destroyed jetties and piers.
  3. Significant – suffer damage to prefabricated houses, felled large trees, permanent structures are broken roofs, doors and Windows. Within the coastlines, there are serious floods.
  4. A – shrubs, trees, billboards, prefabricated fluttering in the air. Homes are destroyed under the ground. Serious destructive effects are exposed to capital structure. The height of water in areas of flooding reaches three metres above sea level. The flood is able to move 10 miles inland. There is significant damage from debris and waves.
  5. Catastrophic – a hurricane swept all the teams construction, trees and shrubs. Most of the buildings receive critical damage. Serious damage to the lower floors. The impact of a disaster is noticeable at a distance of more than 45 km inland. There is a need for mass evacuation of the population that lives in coastal areas.

How to give names to the hurricanes?

hurricane Irma

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The Decision to give the names of the weathering was made during the Second world war. In this period of American meteorologists were active in the observation of the behavior of typhoons in the Pacific ocean. In an effort to prevent confusion, the researchers gave the manifestations of the elements the names of their own mothers-in-law and wives. After the war the national weather service of the United States made a special list, which included short and easy to remember the names of hurricanes. Thus, the statistical data for researchers substantially easier.

Specific rules of naming hurricanes came in the 50-ies of the last century. First used the phonetic alphabet. However, the method was inconvenient. Soon, the meteorologists decided to return to proven alternative, namely – the use of female names. Later, it became a system. How give the names of the hurricanes in the USA, learned in other countries of the world. The principle of choosing a short, memorable names began to be used to identify typhoons formed in all the oceans.

In the 70's was an orderly procedure for naming hurricanes. So, the first major natural phenomenon in the year began to indicate the shortest, milozvucno a female name by the first letter of the alphabet. Later used the name for other letters according to their sequence in the alphabet. To identify manifestations of nature amounted to a long list that included 84 female name. In 1979, meteorologists, it was decided to extend the list to include male names to hurricanes.

“San Calixto”

hurricane Harvey in the United States

One of the largest hurricanes in history got its named after the famous Roman Bishop-Martyr. According to documented information, natural phenomenon swept through the Caribbean Islands back in 1780. The disaster affected about 95% of all buildings. A hurricane raged over the entire 11 days and claimed the lives of 27,000 people. Crazy flames destroyed the entire British fleet, stationed in the Caribbean.

“Katrina”

rules for assigning names to hurricanes

Perhaps a hurricane "Katrina" in America has become the most debated in history. A natural disaster with a nice female name, has caused devastating consequences in the territories from the Gulf of Mexico. The disaster was almost completely destroyed infrastructure in the States of Mississippi and Louisiana. The hurricane claimed the lives of about 2,000 people. Also affected the States of Florida, Alabama, Ohio, Georgia, Kentucky. As for New Orleans, its territory was subjected to a serious flood.

In the ensuing disaster led to social disaster. Hundreds of thousands of people remained without a roof over your head. Cities that experienced the greatest destruction, have become the epicenter of mass crime. Incredible numbers made up statistics on the theft of property, looting, looting. To return life to normal government of the country was only a year later.

“she”

hurricane Katrina in America

Hurricane “she” is one of the most recent tropical cyclone with very destructive consequences. Formed a natural phenomenon in August 2017, near the Islands of Cape Verde in the Atlantic ocean. In September, the hurricane received a fifth category of threat. Catastrophic damage suffered settlements located in the South of the Bahamas. More than half of the population lost their homes.

Then hurricane “she” reached Cuba. Was soon completely submerged the capital Havana. According to meteorologists, it was observed wave height of 7 meters. Heavy gusts of wind reached speed of 250 km/h.

September 10, the disaster reached the coast of Florida. Local authorities had to urgently evacuate more than 6 million people. The hurricane soon moved to Miami, where it caused severe destruction. After a few days the category ‘Irma” dropped to the lowest level. 12 September, the hurricane has completely disintegrated.

“Harvey’

Hurricane “Harvey’ US – a natural phenomenon that was formed on 17 August 2017. Tropical cyclone caused flooding in the southern and Eastern part of Texas. The result was the death of over 80 people. After a disastrous damage in Houston is much more frequent incidents of theft and looting. The city authorities were forced to impose a curfew. Public order was controlled by the military.

Of repairing damage after the hurricane "Harvey" in the United States required the allocation of $ 8 billion from the budget. However, according to experts, the full restoration of the infrastructure in the affected communities will require more significant financial investments, which are valued at around 70 billion.

“Camilla’

how many categories of hurricanes

In August 1969 formed one of the largest cyclones in history, which was called “Camilla’. The epicenter of the impact was on the United States. A natural phenomenon, which has been awarded the fifth category of danger, struck the Mississippi. An incredible amount of rainfall led to extensive flooding of the territories. The researchers failed to measure the maximum force of the wind due to the destruction of all meteorological instruments. Therefore, the real power of a hurricane "Camille" to this day it remains a mystery.

In the aftermath, went missing more than 250 people. About 8900 inhabitants of the States of Mississippi, Virginia, Louisiana and Alabama were injured varying degrees of severity. Thousands of houses were under water, littered with trees and covered with landslides. Material damage to the state amounted to about $ 6 billion.

"Mitch"

Hurricane "Mitch" caused a real disaster in the late 90s. the epicenter of the disaster occurred in the Atlantic basin. In Honduras, El Salvador and Nicaragua was destroyed by the numerous buildings and roads. Killing a large number of people. According to official figures, the disaster claimed the lives of 11,000 people. A similar number of people contributed to the list of missing persons. A significant part of African territories has turned into a solid mud of the swamp. The city has begun to suffer from shortage of drinking water. Hurricane "Mitch" for a whole month.

“Andrew’

Deserves...


Article in other languages:

BE: https://www.tostpost.com/be/nav-ny-gramadstva/23133-meny-uragana-prav-ly-prysvaennya-mena-uraganam-samyya-razbural-nyya-ra.html

DE: https://www.tostpost.com/de/news-und-gesellschaft/23134-namen-von-hurrikanen-regeln-f-r-die-benennung-von-hurrikanen-die-hurri.html

ES: https://www.tostpost.com/es/noticias-y-sociedad/23155-los-nombres-de-los-huracanes-reglas-de-asignaci-n-de-nombres-de-huraca.html

KK: https://www.tostpost.com/kk/zha-aly-tar-o-am/23125-aty-dauyl-erezhes-es-m-n-beru-uraganam-e-s-rapyl-dauyl-tarihy.html

PL: https://www.tostpost.com/pl/aktualno-ci-i-spo-ecze-stwo/23081-nazwy-huragan-w-zasady-nadawania-nazw-od-huragan-w-najbardziej-niszczy.html

PT: https://www.tostpost.com/pt/not-cias-e-sociedade/23080-os-nomes-de-furac-es-as-regras-de-atribui-o-de-nomes-de-uraganam-mais-.html

TR: https://www.tostpost.com/tr/haber-ve-toplum/23131-adlar-kas-rga-kurallar-adland-rma-hakk-nda-en-y-k-c-kas-rgalar-tarihin.html

UK: https://www.tostpost.com/uk/novini-ta-susp-l-stvo/23110-mena-uragan-v-pravila-prisvo-nnya-men-uragan-v-nayb-l-sh-ruyn-vn-uraga.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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