Hypothyroidism: treatment and symptoms

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2018-03-19 11:40:30

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Unfortunately, many people today are faced with a problem like hypothyroidism. Treatment in this case is performed using synthetic hormones. Nonetheless, it is essential to diagnose the disease — the only way to prevent the development of irreversible complications.

So what is a disease? What are the symptoms in women? Treatment of the disease any complications will help to avoid? When you need to refer to the endocrinologist? The answers to these questions are extremely important.

What is a disorder

Hypothyroidism treatment

To date, hypothyroidism is considered the most common disease of the thyroid gland. Pathology is accompanied by functional impairment, namely: a decrease in the number of synthesized thyroxine and triiodothyronine. As you know, these hormones control the function of almost all organ systems. Deficiency of these substances affects the entire body, causing serious, systemic violations. By the way, according to statistics, this disease is more prone to women.

Main causes of hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism treatment in women

Why developing hypothyroidism? Treatment depends on the causes of disease, so this information is worth to see more details. Causes:

  • Sometimes this pathology is associated with congenital anomalies in the structure or functioning of the thyroid gland, the hypothalamic-pituitary system.
  • The list of reasons can be attributed to chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. Against the background of these diseases is damage to the tissues of the thyroid gland by antibodies produced by its own immune system of a person.
  • High incidence of iatrogenic forms of the disease. In this case a violation of hormonal activity of the thyroid gland is associated with partial or complete removal of the organ. Sometimes develops hypothyroidism after treatment with radioactive iodine.
  • Risk factors include the administration of drugs is of thyreostatics (part of therapy in diffuse toxic goiter).
  • The Reason may be the lack of iodine in the water or food. It should be noted that hypothyroidism leads to an acute shortage of this substance.

Classification Scheme

Today, there are many classification schemes such diseases as hypothyroidism. Treatment and diagnosis, by the way, largely depend on the variety of disease.

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First, let's say that the disease can be either congenital or acquired. Congenital hypothyreosis associated, usually, with some anatomical and physiological disorders, in particular to improper development of the thyroid, disruptions in the hypothalamic-pituitary system. To diagnose the disease only after birth, as during intrauterine development control development of the fetus is via the maternal hormones.

Depending on the reasons for the development of pathology are:

  • Primary hypothyroidism — develops on the background of injury of the thyroid gland;
  • Secondary form is associated with disruption of the pituitary;
  • Tertiary hypothyroidism the decrease in the level of thyroid is associated with failures in the functioning of the hypothalamus.

The symptoms of the disease. Characteristics of the clinical picture

Symptoms of hypothyroidism

As already mentioned, a deficiency of thyroid hormones affect all organ systems. Symptoms are incredibly varied:

  • Constant weakness, fatigue, decreased performance, periodic arising pains in the heart region — the symptoms, which is accompanied by subclinical hypothyroidism. Treatment in this case may not be necessary, but it's up to the doctor after diagnosis.
  • The development of swellings occur on the face. The skin becomes pale, the person looks tired, exhausted.
  • Deficiency of hormones is accompanied by disturbance of thermoregulation. Therefore, many patients complain of a constant fever, even if the weather is warm.
  • The Skin on the feet, knees and elbows becomes very dry, starts to peel off.
  • Hypothyroidism is often associated with anemia.
  • Language and the patient's vocal cords swell, causing the voice becomes lower by several tones. Speech may become indistinct and slow.
  • Sometimes there is swelling of the middle ear that causes hearing problems.
  • Hair becomes overly dry and brittle, begin to fall (by the way, this applies not only to the head, but all hair on the body).
  • Gradually the muscles get weak, people often suffer from cramps and pain.
  • Sometimes the disease affects the bone structure. Perhaps the development of arthrosis and arthralgia.
  • On the background of hypothyroidism observed myocardial injury, which are accompanied with chest pain and severe shortness of breath (even in the absence of physical exertion).
  • May develop hypertension, tachycardia, bradycardia.
  • Symptoms include accumulation of fluid in the pericardium.
  • Patients suffer from frequent, prolonged pneumonia, bronchitis and some other diseases.
  • Possible violations of the digestive system, including nausea, constipation, flatulence, bloating.
  • The Disease affects the nervous system. Patients are often apathetic, indifferent to the outside world. Possible and more severe mental disorders.
  • Women may menstrual cycle, sometimes until the disappearance of menstruation. Possible uterine bleeding, mastopathy, infertility.
  • If we are talking about a congenital disease, the first symptoms you may notice in the first few months of a child's life. Baby not gaining weight suffer from constipation. A decrease in appetite, difficulty swallowing, dry skin. Possible delayed physical and psychomotor development.

Complications on the background of the disease

Signs of hypothyroidism

In fact, this pathology can be very dangerous. If we are talking about congenital forms of hypothyroidism, then perhaps the development of mental retardation until complete idiocy. Such a child lags behind in physical development and are often not able to service themselves.

A pregnant woman, the sharp decrease in thyroid hormones leads to various anomalies in the development of the fetus. Due to the accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity and the pericardium developing various disorders of the heart and respiratory system. The increase in level of cholesterol leads to atherosclerosis, heart attack, ischemia of the heart.

The Most dangerous complication is considered hypothyroid coma, which is more likely the elderly patients.

The Decrease in functional activity of the thyroid gland affects the immune system, making the body more susceptible to various infections. The consequences of hypothyroidism include male and female infertility.

Hypothyroidism: treatment with drugs

Treatment of symptoms in women

To date, the only way to maintain the normal operation of the body is the introduction of the synthetic hormone L-thyroxine. Of course, the dose and schedule of is determined individually.

If the disease developed on the background of autoimmune processes or as a result of removal of the thyroid gland, the introduction of the hormone is for life. In the case of violation of the activity of the thyroid gland associated with iodine deficiency, patients are prescribed the appropriate drugs.

This therapy requires hypothyroidism. Treatment in women can be supplemented by the reception of sex hormones to restore normal menstrual cycle. Further symptomatic therapy, which depends on a combination of those or other symptoms.

Hypothyroidism: the treatment of folk remedies

Treatment of hypothyroidism folk remedies

Many patients are interested in questions about whether to do something at home. Treatment of hypothyroidism folk remedies is possible, but only with the permission of the doctor. Medication homemade can be used only as auxiliary means.

  • Effective is a seaweed that is a source of iodine. It can be added to the salad or first course. By the way, the pharmacy can buy dry seaweed powder.
  • Positively on the thyroid affects the use of the fruit of anise. You can prepare a home remedy as follows: grind 50 g of anise fruit, 300 g peeled walnuts, add to the mix a liter of honey and 100 g of boiled, mashed garlic. Stir thoroughly. Take a tablespoon three times a day. Medicine is best to keep in the refrigerator.
  • Useful is extract and Siberian ginseng, which is sold in a drugstore.

Proper nutrition for diseases

Treatment of GI...


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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