Sepsis in children: symptoms, treatment, photos

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2018-03-19 07:30:15

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Modern medicine is developing rapidly, but despite this, the remaining problems with using the scientific achievements and new technologies can't solve. One of them — sepsis in children. The symptoms of this pathological process detected in 0.8% of newborn babies. However, it is worth noting that in full-term infants sepsis develops in 0.1% of cases, premature babies — in 1% of cases. In extremely preterm babies even more frequently, this disease — in 30-33% of cases. What is the sepsis symptoms in children, pictures of this process?

What is sepsis?

As mankind knows since ancient times. Hippocrates in his writings mentioned sepsis. Then this word denotes putrefaction of the blood. Currently, the term "septicemia" experts refer to the pathological process, which is based on the systemic inflammatory response to infection, viral, fungal or bacterial origin.

A Child may be infected with septicemia, antenatal (during fetal development), intrapartum (during birth) and postnatal (after birth) period. Before birth infection is passed to the fetus from the woman. During childbirth and in the postnatal period sources of infection are the mother, the medical staff, environment.

sepsis in children symptoms

Reasons and factors that cause pathological process

Sepsis in children, the symptoms of this serious condition occur due to bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa in the body. In most cases, there is bacterial sepsis. It is diagnosed in 85-90% of cases. Sometimes revealed a combination of several different pathogens. Statistics show that this is characteristic of 10-50% of cases.

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Sepsis in children, the symptoms of which is varied, is caused by some factors. These include:

  • Inadequate antibiotic treatment;
  • Use of drugs that lower the immune response;
  • Long to conduct a full parenteral nutrition;
  • The use of invasive diagnostic and treatment methods;
  • Immunodeficiency States and severe premorbid background.

Classification of sepsis

Depending on the time of onset of clinical symptoms of isolated congenital and late sepsis in early age children. For the first type of pathological process is characterized by the occurrence of symptoms in the first 72 hours after birth. As a rule, in early sepsis the infection occurs in utero. The primary source of infection is missing. Late sepsis seen after 3 days of life. The infection in this severe condition occurs during childbirth or after them. The possible causes of infections — pneumonia, meningitis, peritonitis, etc., as In these diseases marked foci of reproduction of pathogens and their development.

sepsis symptoms in children photo

During sepsis, sometimes fulminant, acute and subacute. There is also a classification, which is based on the separation of the serious condition on the primary or leading source of infection:

  • Umbilical sepsis;
  • Cerebral;
  • Pulmonary;
  • Intestinal;
  • Skin.

Clinical picture

Manifestations of the pathological process can be varied. The list below includes early and late symptoms of sepsis in newborn baby

  • Heavy General condition;
  • Violation of thermoregulation (in full-term infants occurs fever, and prematurity — progressive hypothermia);
  • Change the color of the skin (the body acquires dirty-gray or dirty-pale tint);
  • The violation of the functional state of the Central nervous system;
  • Spontaneous bleeding;
  • Rapidly progressive jaundice;
  • Respiratory insufficiency (in the absence of inflammatory changes on x-ray picture);
  • Dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract, the deviation of the sizes of liver and spleen from the norm in a big way.

Newborns with sepsis are also observed in such symptoms as vomiting, diarrhea. The infants refuse the breast, are rapidly losing weight. Is often determined by the suppuration of the navel, found abscesses of different localization.

symptoms of sepsis in children

Diagnosis of sepsis

Sepsis symptoms in children (photo of this pathology do not give the full picture of the disease) — the only issues that require consideration. Noteworthy is the diagnosis of the serious condition — the conduct of emergency research. They include:

  • The General analysis of blood platelets;
  • Koagulogrammou (a set of metrics by which to evaluate the blood clotting);
  • Definition of blood group and Rh-factor;
  • Biochemical analysis of blood;
  • Acid-base status of blood (KOS: pH and arterial blood gases);
  • X-rays of the internal organs of the chest;
  • Electrocardiography;
  • Microscopy and inoculation of biological material (feces, urine, flush the mucosa of the oropharynx);
  • Blood cultures.

Emerging signs of sepsis in children may be inherent in certain diseases. It is therefore an important differential diagnosis. Sepsis should be distinguished from General forms of bacterial infections. The diagnosis will determine the preventive and anti-epidemic measures, specific antibacterial therapy. Also needed differential diagnosis of sepsis and generalized viral infections. Upon confirmation of their presence is specific antiviral therapy.

late symptoms of sepsis in a newborn baby

Tasks and methods for the treatment of sepsis

This is a serious condition that occurs in children, requires immediate treatment, because it is very dangerous and results in the progression to a fatal outcome. Therapy in sepsis is carried out simultaneously in 2 directions. One of them is etiotropic treatment. It involves debridement of the lesions and antibiotic therapy.

The Next direction in the treatment of sepsis — pathogenetic therapy. Its objectives are to restore homeostasis changes (including correction of infringements of the immune status and organ disorders).

Etiotropic therapy

The Most important action in the treatment of sepsis — it's the sanitation of septic foci. Only through this measure, the therapy is conducted in severe condition, it becomes effective. At this stage, experts perform the surgery — doing an autopsy or biopsy and drainage of purulent cavities, nekrataal, etc.

If you experience symptoms of sepsis in children, is assigned to antibiotic therapy (before determination of the agent). Selects medications the doctor. In the selection of drugs on the time of occurrence of the condition (in utero, during childbirth or after birth), conditions of occurrence (hospital or community acquired), the localization of septic foci. All of this information suggests the agent that caused the sepsis. After clarifying the nature of the microflora antibiotic therapy is adjusted. If necessary, apply the drug replaced by another.

treatment of sepsis in children

Some circuits of treatment

Unfortunately, there is no specific medication that could eliminate sepsis in children, the symptoms of this pathological process. However, there are recommended regimens. For example, antibiotic therapy congenital neonatal sepsis may be as follows:

  • “Ampicillin” in combination with aminoglycosides (or “Amikacin” or “Gentamicin” or “Netilmicin");
  • Cephalosporins III generation (or “Ceftriaxone” or “competitive”) in combination with aminoglycosides.

In late neonatal sepsis one of the schemes of antibacterial therapy is similar to the last (combination of III generation cephalosporins with aminoglycosides). In pulmonary form is assigned the ‘Crawling” and aminoglycosides. When the Cath Suite sepsis used “Crawling”. Alternative treatment scheme of — “Linezolid”.

Probiotics and antifungals

Antibiotic therapy for quite a long while pathological process. Such a long and intensive treatment of sepsis in children can cause a goiter. To prevent it with antibiotics are prescribed probiotics ("Linex”, “Suitable”, “Bifidumbacterin”) “it”.

The Important role played by proper feeding. Small children should be fed breast milk. In its absence, the pediatricians recommend the use of a special mixture, which is composed of bifidobacteria or probiotics.

photo sepsis in children

Pathogenetic therapy

Named direction in the treatment of sepsis involves several elements:

  • Immunocorrective therapy;
  • Recovery of electrolytic and water balance and correction of disorders of acid-base status;
  • Detoxification therapy;
  • Anti-shock therapy;
  • Recovery of functions of the affected systems...

Article in other languages:

AR: https://www.tostpost.com/ar/health/12434-sepsis-in-children-symptoms-treatment-photos.html

BE: https://www.tostpost.com/be/zdaro-e/22280-seps-s-dzyacey-s-mptomy-lyachenne-fota.html

DE: https://www.tostpost.com/de/gesundheit/22287-sepsis-bei-kindern-symptome-behandlung-foto.html

ES: https://www.tostpost.com/es/la-salud/22305-la-sepsis-en-ni-os-los-s-ntomas-el-tratamiento-la-foto.html

HI: https://www.tostpost.com/hi/health/12448-sepsis-in-children-symptoms-treatment-photos.html

JA: https://www.tostpost.com/ja/health/12452-sepsis-in-children-symptoms-treatment-photos.html

KK: https://www.tostpost.com/kk/densauly/22272-sepsis-balalar-simptomdary-emdeu-video.html

PL: https://www.tostpost.com/pl/zdrowie/22225-sepsa-u-dzieci-objawy-leczenie-zdj-cia.html

PT: https://www.tostpost.com/pt/sa-de/22229-sepse-em-crian-as-sintomas-tratamento-foto.html

TR: https://www.tostpost.com/tr/sa-l-k/22279-sepsis-ocuklarda-belirtileri-tedavi-foto-raf.html

UK: https://www.tostpost.com/uk/zdorov-ya/22264-sepsis-u-d-tey-simptomi-l-kuvannya-foto.html

ZH: https://www.tostpost.com/zh/health/13189-sepsis-in-children-symptoms-treatment-photos.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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