Delirium - what is it? The etiology of delirium. Treatment and consequences

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2018-03-18 09:40:32

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Delirium - what is it? Science has its own definition of – this is exogenous psychosis, having a short-term nature. Most often lasts from several hours to several days. The origin can bite:

  • Infekcionnoe;
  • Intoksicazionny;
  • Sosudistoi;
  • Dramaticheskoe.

delirium what is it

The Etiology of delirium and its pathogenesis

Delirium (what it is, you can see from the article) most often develops when:

  • Alcoholism (is called "delirium tremens");
  • Drug addiction (narcotic delirium);
  • Infectious diseases strong gravity (at the critical temperature variations of the body);
  • Intoxication (medicinal);
  • Senile dementia;
  • Diseases of the cardiovascular system (hypertension, stroke, seizures);
  • Traumatic brain injuries or severe blood loss;
  • Surgeries (delirium contribute to stress, insomnia, fever).

Patients who have already transferred to this state, under similar conditions, are prone to repetition of the situation.

Common symptoms of delirium

Generally, the onset of this condition comes in an acute form. However, if delirium occurs, some symptoms can signal the beginning. They are referred to as prodromal. These include:

  • Undue concern;
  • Alarm.
  • Fear;
  • Increased sensitivity to light or sound;
  • Consciousness patient is confused, disoriented.

If you experience these symptoms, you can say that it is the condition of delirium. People in this state can confuse dreams and reality because of the violation of cyclicity of the period of sleep and wakefulness. Patients indistinguishable dreams and true hallucinations. Reduced attention to irrelevant stimuli is easy enough can switch. In addition, other thought processes slow down greatly. People may not remember what happened to him during the period of delirium, or take it as a sleep over remembering only the individual pieces.

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state of delirium

Diagnosis

There are certain criteria that help to diagnose delirium.

  1. Neproizvol attention, the patient is not able to concentrate on a certain subject. For example, such a person have many times to repeat the question to hear the answer.
  2. Disorganized thinking, which is reflected in the fact that a patient with delirium jumps from one subject to another, or speaks unintelligible for surrounding statements.
  3. Decreased level of consciousness (difficulty in maintaining a state of wakefulness during daytime), perceptual disturbances (inability of awareness, illusion or hallucinations, colorful dreams that are perceived by patients as reality), violation of cyclicity of sleep and wakefulness, increased psychomotor activity, or, conversely, its decline, memory impairment. These criteria may be present simultaneously, and only one of them.
  4. The Development state of delirium in no time. Usually it does not exceed a few hours.
  5. Confusion.

delirium treatment

Features diagnose disease

Delirium is characterized by rapid and sudden onset of symptoms that can detect disease at home. Typical are changes in the severity of a particular symptom during the day. To facilitate the diagnosis will help accurate knowledge about the presence of any head injury or some physical or infectious disease, and alcoholism or drug addiction.

Delirium (what it is, as described earlier) refers to diseases that are treatable. If the time to detect the cause that caused it, treatment can give positive results. In some situations, the disease passes independently, but do not let the situation to chance, as possible and complication.

Rules for the treatment of delirium

If the diagnosis "delirium", the treatment must necessarily be a doctor. The basic principle of treatment – identifying the causes. This is followed by a collection of tests and an outpatient study. On the basis of the results, the doctor prescribes medication or surgical treatment.

In Addition to addressing the causes of delirium, such as alcoholism treatment, there are activities aimed at the relief of the disease, as well as prevention of possible complications. For this set of patients maintained some power and the balance of electrolytes fluids.

In Addition to the causes of delirium, the choice of treatment is influenced by the environment in which symptoms, the patient's age and neurological status. During the healing process is very important to ensure the patient is comfortable.

For Example, treatment of delirium tremens is as follows:

  • Reception of "Sibazon" and "Ghb";
  • Reduction in the rate of electrolyte balance;
  • Normalizacao breathing and the lungs (with the use of the drug "Mannitol");
  • Recovery of the liver and kidney;
  • Reduction or elimination of hyperthermia;
  • Treatment of opportunistic diseases.

For patients who are afraid or aggressive, appointed by sedatives (what their dosage determined by the treating physician).

Delirium tremens and its characteristics

In alcoholism, along with other terrible conditions the patient may experience delirium tremens, or, in other words, delirium tremens.

delirium tremens symptoms

Delirium tremens (the symptoms are similar to conditions of other origin) – acute psychosis under the influence of alcohol. This state is accompanied by sudden disturbances of consciousness, terrifying hallucinations, disorientation in space and time, delusions, irrational fear and aggression, as well as great excitement.

This condition usually occurs within two days after the patient stops the bout. In some cases, observed himself binge period. The first attack of delirium tremens can occur after a sufficiently long period of hard drinking. All subsequent attacks do not require a long binge.

How to recognize delirium tremens?

The Syndrome of delirium is easy enough to recognize because there are certain signs:

  1. The Patient ceases to drink alcohol after a binge due to the fact that he loathed.
  2. In the evening, there is a change of mood, and quite suddenly. During this period the patient may be too agitated and restless, talking incessantly, finds no place.
  3. Enhanced the trembling limbs.
  4. Having trouble sleeping. He becomes restless and of short duration, often the patient sees nightmares. After may come the absolute insomnia, which contributes to feelings of fear, anxiety and worry.
  5. Hallucinations Appear as auditory and visual. The patient may begin to hear different voices, who allegedly intimidated him. Visual images that arise, quite frightening. Every day the magnitude of these hallucinations increase.

Such as a person suffering from alcoholism can last up to several days.

delirium symptoms

Symptoms of delirium tremens

The Main symptoms of delirium of alcoholic origin are:

  1. Visual hallucinations. Most often, the attack starts in the evening and progresses quite quickly. One begins to see imaginary visual images, taking the shadows of things for the monsters. Hallucinations depend on the fears of the patient. In some situations, these hallucinations are not perceived as reality, but rather resemble the movie.
  2. Auditory hallucinations. They do not occur in isolation, but usually in combination with a visual, and related topics. The patient may hear a variety of noises, screams, fictional requests for assistance or warnings. It seems that's going around something very bad and wants to help, but deathly afraid to do it. Sometimes he can conduct a dialogue with imaginary interlocutors.
  3. Tactile hallucinations. Movements and facial expressions of a man with delirium tremens fully comply with the visions that stalked him. The patient begins to push off from the monsters, which he sees to dismiss them, to hide, to hide in a corner. In addition, this person clearly feels, his bite, hit or otherwise cause pain. At such moments, he's a danger to others, as it can grab the thing and supposedly begin to save someone. Another negative result could be suicide, which is the attempt to escape from the voices that the patient hears.
  4. Disorientation of time and space. The state of delirium is characterized incorrect orientation in space and in time. The patient may not know exactly where it is, does not recognize his relatives, orientation in time is also violated. However, to call the name or other details without any difficulty.

syndrome of delirium

As a rule, if the patient has a true ...


Article in other languages:

AR: https://www.tostpost.com/ar/health/8596-delirium---what-is-it-the-etiology-of-delirium-treatment-and-consequen.html

BE: https://www.tostpost.com/be/zdaro-e/15401-tryznenne---shto-geta-takoe-etyyalog-ya-deliriya-lyachenne-nastupstvy.html

DE: https://www.tostpost.com/de/gesundheit/15406-delirium---was-ist-das-die-tiologie-des-deliriums-die-behandlung-und-d.html

ES: https://www.tostpost.com/es/la-salud/15416-el-delirio---qu-es-la-etiolog-a-del-delirio-el-tratamiento-y-las-conse.html

HI: https://www.tostpost.com/hi/health/8605-delirium---what-is-it-the-etiology-of-delirium-treatment-and-consequen.html

JA: https://www.tostpost.com/ja/health/8602-delirium---what-is-it-the-etiology-of-delirium-treatment-and-consequen.html

KK: https://www.tostpost.com/kk/densauly/15402-deliriy---b-l-ne-etiologiyasy-deliriya-emdeu-zh-ne-saldary.html

PL: https://www.tostpost.com/pl/zdrowie/15377-delirium---co-to-jest-etiologia-delirium-leczenie-i-skutki.html

PT: https://www.tostpost.com/pt/sa-de/15372-deliriy---o-que-a-etiologia-deliriya-o-tratamento-e-as-consequ-ncias.html

TR: https://www.tostpost.com/tr/sa-l-k/15405-deliryum-nedir-etyoloji-deliryum-tedavi-ve-sonu-lar.html

UK: https://www.tostpost.com/uk/zdorov-ya/15390-del-r-y-scho-ce-take-et-olog-ya-del-r-yu-l-kuvannya-nasl-dki.html

ZH: https://www.tostpost.com/zh/health/9348-delirium---what-is-it-the-etiology-of-delirium-treatment-and-consequen.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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