Protein-energy malnutrition in children. Protein-energy malnutrition: classification

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2018-03-27 19:35:14

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It wouldn't be a secret that proper nutrition has a huge importance in the life of every person. The same applies to children. In this article, I want to elaborate on this issue, as the protein-energy malnutrition.

protein energy malnutrition

What is it?

In the beginning you need to determine the concepts that will be used in the article. What is protein-energy malnutrition is probably clear to everyone. Is the lack of protein in the body of the child. It should also clarify that this condition is pathological. More specifically, the human body receives too little or no protein comes in any form. Cause this also can be too rapid disintegration of the substance. In this case, the reason for this phenomenon can be burns, purulent-septic diseases or severe injuries.

Main reasons

Why can occur protein-energy malnutrition? It is worth saying that this problem is very common among people in developing countries. In times of hunger the percentage of people with the disease is 25%. In this case there is insufficient quantity or poor quality food. The problem is compounded by the lack of receipt of energy. And all because the amino acids from food in this case are not used for protein synthesis. They are oxidized for energy.

Arise Secondary to protein-energy malnutrition in children can, for the following reasons:

  1. Violation of processes of digestion (decreased absorption of nutrients).
  2. Loss of protein may occur due to neuro-endocrine regulation.

protein energy malnutrition in children

Forms

Consider further the problem of protein-energy malnutrition. Classification of the disease (the two main forms of illness):

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  1. Insanity. In this case there is a delay of growth of the child, there is atrophy of muscles and subcutaneous fat.
  2. Kwashiorkor. This is an isolated protein deficiency. In addition to stunting the child may be swelling and fatty degeneration of the liver. However, in this case subcutaneous adipose tissue is preserved.

Severity

If we are talking about issues such as protein-energy malnutrition, extent – that is what also need to tell. There are only three:

  1. Lightweight (first, I).
  2. Moderate (two, II).
  3. Heavy (the third, III).

protein energy malnutrition degree

Light level

If we are talking about a mild protein deficiency, the body of a child only weakens. In this case, the resistance to various viruses and infections. The main symptoms that will be present:

  1. The Increasing weakness.
  2. Weakness of the child, his low work capacity.
  3. Fast not only physical but also psychological fatigue.
  4. Chills, feeling cold.
  5. Thirst and hunger. Can be frequent urination.
  6. Dizziness.
  7. Sluchitsa numbness of the lower extremities.

At this stage, as there may be a delay of a child's growth.

Reasonable degree

Consider further the problem of protein-energy malnutrition. 2 the extent of the disease (the first) most likely to occur in inhabitants of developing countries it. In this case, as already mentioned above, the growth retardation children. However, the second degree is characterized by biochemical changes in the body. So, there is a significant weakening of the cellular immunity. And this leads to increased sensitivity to various kinds of viruses and infections.

protein energy malnutrition 2nd degree

Severe

There Is also a profound or severe protein-energy malnutrition (i.e., cachexia). However, it is more typical for people with cancer. In this case, the child can quickly lose weight, you experience diarrhea. Also suffering and musculature of the patient, the limbs seem to be sticks covered with skin. The hair becomes dull, brittle, falling out. There may be a delay of water in the tissue, often it is fraught with swelling. Also irreversible changes in the internal organs of the patient. However, all of this individually (this can tell the doctor after some research). Other symptoms characteristic of such problems as severe protein-energy malnutrition in children:

  1. Apathy and fatigue.
  2. A Constant feeling of cold.
  3. Depigmentation of skin and hair.
  4. The Skin becomes dry, covered with cracks. The baby's face is becoming senile.
  5. Decrease blood pressure, pulse, temperature.

Isolated form

Pretty rare but they can occur isolated form of protein deficiency. Most often it is accompanied by the lack of components such as vitamins B1, B2, B6, folic and nicotinic acid, vitamin A. If you talk about children, in this case, the danger for kids is a deficiency in vitamin A. when the disease progresses, occurs intracellular loss of potassium, phosphorus and magnesium.

protein energy malnutritionclassification

Treatment

If to speak about issues such as protein-energy malnutrition treatment – that's what you also need to pay attention. So, if your child is one of the first two forms of the disease, to cope with the problem yet with the adjustment of supply. In this case, it is very important to increase the daily dose of protein intake. For kids of different ages it will vary:

  1. If the child is from one to seven, the daily dose will be approximately 3-4 grams of protein per 1 kg of weight.
  2. Students need a little lower protein: 2-3 grams per 1 kg of weight.

Be Sure the child will be assigned multivitamin complexes. After all, only one food in this case, it will not be enough. Can also be carried out the regulation of water and electrolyte balance.

If the child has protein-energy malnutrition severe degree, in which case the baby will be sent to the hospital. To cope on their own at home with this problem is impossible. What, then, will be true:

  1. Controlled diets.
  2. Correction of water-elektrolitnogo balance of infusion therapy.
  3. Will Also be assigned additional food mixtures that are rich in nutrients.
  4. If the violation of the absorption, the child will be assigned parenteral nutrition (putting nutrients infusion).
  5. Vitamin therapy. However, in this case it will be special. Such people need two times more vitamins than a healthy person. And it is up to the moment of recovery.
  6. Patients with anorexia can be treated with drugs that increase the appetite. If you need to increase your muscle mass, doctors may prescribe anabolic steroids.

protein energy malnutrition treatment

Prevention

In order To avoid protein-energy malnutrition in children, you need to carefully monitor their diet. Flavour your food with protein will help the following products:

  1. Chicken.
  2. Fish.
  3. Beef.
  4. Eggs.
  5. Dairy products.

At the same time it is also important to be aware of other useful micronutrients. Together with the protein a child needs in a sufficient amount to carbohydrates and fats from food.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://www.tostpost.com/ar/health/11691-protein-energy-malnutrition-in-children-protein-energy-malnutrition-cl.html

BE: https://www.tostpost.com/be/zdaro-e/20901-byalkova-energetychnaya-nedastatkovasc-dzyacey-byalkova-energetychnaya.html

DE: https://www.tostpost.com/de/gesundheit/20910-protein-energie-insuffizienz-bei-kindern-protein-energie-insuffizienz-.html

ES: https://www.tostpost.com/es/la-salud/20922-prote-nas-la-insuficiencia-de-los-ni-os-prote-nas-la-insuficiencia-de-.html

HI: https://www.tostpost.com/hi/health/11701-protein-energy-malnutrition-in-children-protein-energy-malnutrition-cl.html

JA: https://www.tostpost.com/ja/health/11701-protein-energy-malnutrition-in-children-protein-energy-malnutrition-cl.html

KK: https://www.tostpost.com/kk/densauly/20896-a-uyz-energetikaly-zhet-speush-l-k-a-uyz-energetikaly-zhet-speush-l-k-.html

PL: https://www.tostpost.com/pl/zdrowie/20862-bia-kowo-energetyczne-nerek-u-dzieci-bia-kowo-energetyczne-nerek-klasy.html

PT: https://www.tostpost.com/pt/sa-de/20866-prote-na-energia-de-falha-de-crian-as-prote-na-energia-de-falha-classi.html

TR: https://www.tostpost.com/tr/sa-l-k/20903-protein-enerji-yetersizli-i-ocuklarda-protein-enerji-yetersizli-i-s-n-.html

UK: https://www.tostpost.com/uk/zdorov-ya/20887-b-lkovo-energetichna-nedostatn-st-u-d-tey-b-lkovo-energetichna-nedosta.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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