The types of climate. The types of climates of Russia: table

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2018-03-21 23:09:16

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The Climatic conditions can change and transform, but in General they remain the same, making some regions attractive for tourism, and others – severe for survival. To understand the existing types is to better understand the geographical features of the planet and responsible attitude to the environment – some belt mankind could lose during the global warming and other catastrophic processes.climate Types

What is the climate?

Under this definition understand the established weather mode that distinguishes a particular locality. It is reflected in the complex all monitored on-site changes. Types of climate affect the nature, determine the state of water objects and soils, lead to the emergence of specific plants and animals affect the development of industries and agriculture. The formation occurs as a result of solar radiation and wind in combination with a variety of surfaces. All of these factors directly depend on the geographical latitude determines the angle of incidence, and hence the volume of generating heat.

What affects climate?

To Determine what the weather, can different conditions (in addition to the geographical latitude). For example, is heavily influenced by the proximity to the ocean. The farther the area is from the big water, the receives less precipitation, and the unevenness they are. Closer to the ocean the amplitude of oscillations is small, and all types of climate in these lands much softer continental. Not less significant sea currents. For example, they warm the coast of Scandinavia, which contributes to the growth of forests there. While Greenland, which has a similar location, all the year covered with ice. Strong impact on the formation of climate and topography. The higher the terrain, the lower the temperature, so the mountains can be cold, even if they are in the tropics. In addition, ranges can delay the air mass, making the windward slopes, much rain falls, and then on the continent they are much smaller. Finally, it is worth noting the effects of winds, which also can seriously change the climate. Monsoons, hurricanes and typhoons tolerate humidity and significantly affect the weather.

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Main climates

All types

Before examining each type individually, it is necessary to understand General classification. What are the main types of climate? The easiest way to understand the example of a particular country. The Russian Federation occupies a large area on the territory of the country the weather is very different. Examine all the will help table. Types of climates and places where they prevail, are distributed respectively to each other.

Arctic climate

Islands of the Arctic ocean, Sibir ' in coastal areas

Subarctic climate

The Area along the Arctic circle

Temperate climate

The Central European part West-Siberian plain, Far East

Subtropical climate

The black sea coast, the Caucasus

As you can see, the Equatorial belt is missing and some intermediate types. What characterizes each of the above, it is possible to study in detail, starting from the pole and moving the map down.

Arctic climate

Known as the North, this type is characteristic of areas near the poles. It is included in the types of climates of Russia – table starts this variant weather conditions. Generally there are two varieties. First – polar climate zone in the Arctic, and the second – in the Antarctic. Weather conditions in these areas differ in the severity, not providing a comfortable human habitation. Throughout the year the area is characterized by sub-zero temperatures, even in August can warm the air only to five degrees. This period is called the polar summer, it lasts only a few weeks or does not occur at all. Winter is characterized by duration and a small amount of snow. The average temperature determines: the type of climate extends from minus ten and the Atlantic ocean, and thirty-five degrees below zero at the tranquil. For belt is characterized by minimal rainfall not exceeding three hundred millimeters. Vegetation on such land, virtually no, survive are lichens and mosses.Monsoon climate

Temperate climate

These weather conditions are the most common. A moderate type of climate prevails between 45 and 65 degrees in the Northern hemisphere and in the range of 42 and 58 in the South. It is characterized by a clear division of the year into four seasons, with two transitional (spring and autumn), warm (summer) and cold (winter). The weather is characterized by periodic cloud cover, precipitation are formed under the influence of cyclones and anticyclones. The closer the area is to the ocean, the more noticeable their impact. While the region further away from the area, the greater fluctuation of temperatures. Transitional seasons are generally long, with long dips and rises in degrees. The average temperature of the coldest month, January, can be from 10 to 40 below zero, it is determined by the specific location of the region. Hottest month is July (average temperature of – about 21degrees Celsius). Describe the types of climates of Russia table relate to temperate zone the greater part of the territories. Also it is typical for the USA and much of Europe. In this area common coniferous and mixed forests, sometimes forest-steppe. Year-round vegetation is not possible due to the changing seasons.continental climate

Tropical climate

Characteristic of the land situated between 20 and 30 degrees North or South latitude. Tropical included in main types of climate. It is characterized by an extremely low humidity and low rainfall, predominance of anticyclones high pressure, which leads to frequent Sunny days. There are often blow strong, dry winds which are the cause of sand storms in deserts. On this site is not the four seasons, which assumes a moderate climatic zone. The climate of the tropics provides only two seasons-cold and warm, with temperature fluctuations in the range of thirty degrees. Record-breaking heat wave amounted to fifty-eight plus. Distinguish this type and significant daily fluctuations, sometimes reaching up to thirty degrees. For example, in summer the air is heated to forty-five, and in the evening cools down to fifteen. Rarely at night frosts are observed. As mentioned above, this type of climate creates desert. The most famous is Sugar. The tropical climate is typical for Mexico, North and South Africa, Arabia and Australia. In moist areas of these territories can meet the area of savannas and deciduous forests.Types of climates of Russia, table

Tropical rainforest climate

This weather is typical for areas of the Central belt of the Earth. Several hundred kilometers South and North of the equator there is such a zone. It is included in the main types of climate, of which there are four. Equatorial weather is the highest level of temperature all year round. The average is about 25 degrees. In the daytime the air can warm up to forty, and at night to cool down to fifteen. During the year, this temperature regime does not change. Other climate types are characterized by at least a small change of the seasons, the Equatorial is an ongoing summer. The maximum decrease of mean monthly temperature is only two degrees in the winter months. In addition, there is extremely heavy rainfall, are presented in the form of a rain storm. Their number may reach tens of thousands of millimeters. Due to the high temperature evaporation in this region consistently good. The Equatorial climate is distinguished also by the length of daylight reaches twelve hours. This area characterize the rich flora and fauna. Almost half of all existing species of both animals and plants found in zone of Equatorial climate. It is typical for South America, Africa and Indonesia.: type of climate

Sub-polar climate

We can talk about the intermediate versions. You can easily determine the type of climate in the Arctic or on the equator, but what about, say, a tundra? It combines the properties of polar and temperate! Therefore, scientists have highlighted options in the interim. Sub-polar climate is characterized by low level of water evaporation rainfall of five hundred millimetres, which gives rise to marshes. Summer in the areas of cold and short, with temperatures not exceeding fifteen degrees, and in winter it drops to minus forty-five. The territory is covered by permafrost and is characterized by minimal vegetation in the form of lichens. This weather separates the Northern part of Russia, Canada, Greenland, Scandinavia, Alaska and Antarctica.

Subtropical climate

This strip stretches between 30 and 40 degrees North or South latitude. It separates the temperate type of climate from tropical. Located in the subtropics of the United States, Asia, the Mediterranean, Japan, New Zealand and Australia. Subtropical climate is the best for human health. It is possible to distinguish two seasons: dry and warm in summer and cool and wet winters, which is influenced by air masses moving from the temperate zones. Annual amplitude of temperatures is quite large. In the summer the air is heated to thirty five, falling to two degrees winter's night. During the day the differences are small. The warmest are July and August, the coldest-January and February. In the southern hemisphere the situation is reversed. For the subtropical climate is characterized by evergreen forests, semi-deserts sometimes. The variety of flora guarantee the weather, ensuring year-round growing season.Determine the type of climate

Sub-Equatorial climate

This type of weather prevails on the land, located just below the tropical belt. It is transitional. Summer is dominated by Equatorial mass with heavy rainfall, they could fall to six thousand millimeters. Winter time tropical monsoons, which provide areas of dry and warm air. In times of drought the amount of precipitation does not exceed fifteen millimeters. This leads to the fact that in this area it is possible to clearly distinguish between two seasons: the rainy season and months of drought. The temperature remains quite high throughout the year. In the winter months, it is reduced only a few degrees. In addition,the daily amplitude is also small: of the night, as a rule, almost as warm as days. Sub-Equatorial climate is characterized by rain forests that are home to many animals-rodents, carnivores, even-toed ungulates.

Maritime climate

It Should also highlight different zones located within the same zone. It is possible to allocate a moderate Maritime or tropical marine climate, which has some similarities despite the differences. So, this type is common for areas on the coast. It is characterized by minimum fluctuations of both annual and daily temperatures and very soft transitions of the seasons. For the Maritime climate is characterized by strong wind, high cloud cover and constant humidity. This area can be found, for example, in Western Europe.

Continental climate

This weather reigns in the regions located beyond the zone of Maritime climate. What are its features? The continental type of climate is characterized by Sunny weather with highs and an impressive amplitude of both annual daily temperatures. Here summer is quickly replaced by winter. The continental type of climate can be further divided into mild, sharp and normal. The best example may be called the Central part of Russia.

Monsoon climate

This type of weather is characterized by a sharp difference in winter and summer temperatures. In warm time of the year weather is formed under the action of winds blowing ashore from the sea. Therefore, in the summer monsoon type of climate is reminiscent of the sea, abundant rainfall, high cloud, humid air and strong wind. In winter, the direction of the air mass is changing. The monsoon type of climate is beginning to resemble continental – with clear and frosty weather and low rainfall throughout the season. Such options natural conditions characteristic for several countries in Asia – found in Japan, the far East and in the North of India.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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