Marshal of the Soviet Union Kliment Voroshilov: biography, family

Date:

2018-03-20 19:39:19

Views:

930

Rating:

1Like 0Dislike

Share:

Table of contents:

The Story of such a totalitarian superpower, as the Soviet Union contains many heroic and grim pages. This could not leave the mark on the biographies of those who did. Among such personalities is the Kliment Voroshilov. He lived a long life that was heroic, but he was responsible for many human lives, because that's his signature under many hit list.

Kliment Voroshilov

Kliment Voroshilov: biography

The famous Soviet military leader born in 1881 in the village of Upper Ekaterinoslav province (now the city of Lysychansk). His father — Ephraim A. Voroshilov — was a railroad man and her mother — Mariya — a roustabout.

The Family lived very poorly, and from 7 years Clement began working as a shepherd. In the years 1893-1895 he attended district school in the village of Vasilyevka, which left 2 years later to enroll at the Yuriev metallurgical enterprise. In 1903, the young man went to Lugansk, where he got a job at the locomotive plant of Hartmann.

Participation in the preparation of the revolution

Once in the environment of professional workers, young Kliment Voroshilov was involved in anti-government activities. In particular, he immediately offered to join the ranks of the RSDLP, and in the following year he became a member of the Lugansk Bolshevik Committee. During the 1905 revolution Voroshilov was led a strike of workers of local enterprises were engaged in the organization of fighting squads. He was elected a delegate to the 4-th and 5-th Congress of the RSDLP. In 1908 he was sent by the party to Baku, where he conducted underground party work. Upon returning to Petrograd continued his revolutionary activities. Repeatedly arrested and exiled. In particular, for a few months was sent under police surveillance in the Cherdyn region of the Arkhangelsk province.

Recommended

"Knowledge is light and ignorance is darkness": the value, meaning and alternatives

There are some sayings that would seem to need no explanation, such as “teaching & ndash; light and ignorance – darkness”. But some still do not understand their meaning. But not only for such people is written by our article. I...

What was invented by Mendeleev for the army. The history and fate of the invention

What was invented by Mendeleev for the army. The history and fate of the invention

D. I. Mendeleev was a brilliant Russian scientist-polymath, who made many important discoveries in various fields of science and technology. Many people know that he is the author of “Fundamentals of chemistry" and the periodic law of chem...

The origin of the Slavs. The influence of different cultures

The origin of the Slavs. The influence of different cultures

Slavs (under this name), according to some researchers, appeared in the story only in 6 century ad. However, the language of nationality bears the archaic features of the Indo-European community. This, in turn, suggests that the origin of the Slavs h...

wife Voroshilov, Kliment Efremovich

1917-1918 years

After the February revolution, Voroshilov, Kliment was elected a member of the Petrograd Soviet of RSD and the Sixth Congress of the RSDLP. Then he was sent to his native Luhansk, where in March 1917 he headed the local Committee of the Bolsheviks, August — the City Council and the Duma.

In the days of the revolutionary events, he received the appointment to the post of Commissar of the Petrograd military revolutionary Committee in the city administration. At the same time, he, along with F. Dzerzhinsky was active in the organization of the Cheka.

The aggravation of the situation in Ukraine has led to the fact that in March 1918, Kliment Voroshilov returned home, organized the First detachment of Lugansk, the head of which was defended by the Kharkov of German-Austrian troops.

Civil war

Proved himself a brave commander in the Ukraine Kliment Efremovich was soon appointed the commander of the Tsaritsyn group of forces. Then his career went on the rise, and during the Civil war he held many important positions. In particular, Kliment Voroshilov, was the Deputy commander and member of the military Council of the southern front, led the 10th army, the people's Commissariat of internal Affairs of Ukraine, Kharkov military district and the internal Ukrainian front. In addition, he is an organizer and member of the revolutionary military Council of the First Cavalry.

One of the darkest pages of the biography of Voroshilov was his participation in the 1921 suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion. After these events, he was appointed a member of the southeastern Bureau of the Central Committee of the party, and commander of the North Caucasus IN.

From 1924 to 1925 he was commander of the troops of the Moscow military district and a member of the RVS of the USSR.

Few people know that in the same period, Voroshilov was patronized by the Grand theatre and was known as a great lover of ballet.

Voroshilov Kliment 1881-1969

Post of people's Commissar of defense

After the death of Mikhail Frunze, Voroshilov became Chairman of the revolutionary military Council of the USSR and led the naval Department of the country, and in 1934-1940 - the people's Commissariat of defense of the Soviet Union.

In total, the post he held for almost 15 years, which is a record for the Soviet period. Voroshilov, Kliment Efremovich (1881-1969) had a reputation as the most loyal supporters of Stalin and gave him effective support in the struggle with Trotsky. In October 1933, he went with a government delegation to Turkey, where Ataturk took a military parade in Ankara.

In November, 1935 by decision of the CEC and CPC of the USSR he was awarded the newly established title of Marshal of the Soviet Union.

5 years Later he was dismissed from the post of people's Commissar, as our expectations of Stalin during the winter war. However, Voroshilov was dismissed, and was appointed head of the Committee of defense of people's Commissars of the Soviet Union.Kliment Voroshilov growth

Part of the Kliment Voroshilov to Stalin's repression

In the period from 1937 to 1938, Voroshilov, among many other representatives of political elite of the USSR participated in the review of the lists of persons who were supposed to punish with the personal approval of Stalin. All who fell, were subsequently shot. Now, signature Voroshilov found in 185 lists, in which were the names of 18,000 people.

As a member of the Politburo of the CPSU, Kliment Voroshilov approved many of the so-called limits, i.e. quotas for the number of the repressed. In particular, in April 1938, he, together with Stalin, Kaganovich, Molotov and Yezhov signedaffirmative resolution, according to which the Irkutsk oblast, the number of people who were subject to be shot has been increased by 4,000 people.

As the people's Commissar of defense Voroshilov, Kliment took an active part in the repressions against commanders of the red army that in the first years of the war had catastrophic consequences. So, on one of the lists consisting of the names of the 26 commanders, he wrote: “Comrade Yezhov. Take all the villains…”

During the great Patriotic war

Since the beginning of the war, Voroshilov, a member of the state Committee of defense, also held the following positions:

  • The commander of the forces of the North-West direction (up to 05.09.41);
  • The commander of the Leningrad front;
  • The representative Rate on the formation of troops;
  • The head of the Trophy Committee under the GKO;
  • Commander of the guerrilla movement;
  • The Chairman of the Commission for the truce.

Voroshilov Kliment

Post-war activities

In the first years after the war, Marshal Voroshilov headed the Allied control Commission in Hungary. In parallel until 1953 he was Deputy Chairman of USSR Council of Ministers. And after over 7 years headed the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Death and burial

Kliment Voroshilov, the growth of a career which in the last decades of his life were suspended due to senile infirmity, died on 2 December 1969 at the age of 89 years. Buried the Marshal in the capital, near the Kremlin wall on red square. According to contemporaries, it was the first such large-scale mourning ceremony of farewell to a statesman of the USSR for twenty years that passed after the funeral of Zhdanov.monument to Kliment Voroshilov

Family and children

The Wife of Voroshilov, Kliment Efremovich — Golda Davidovna Gorbman — were of the Jewish faith, but for the wedding with the beloved baptized and took the name Catherine. This act aroused the wrath of the Jewish relatives of the girl, that it even cursed. In 1917 Ekaterina Davidovna he joined the RSDLP and worked for many years Deputy Director of the Lenin Museum.

It So happened that the close-knit family Voroshilov did not have their own children. However, they took care of the orphaned children of M. V. Frunze: Timur, died at the front in 1942, and Tatiana. In addition, in 1918, the couple adopted a boy, Peter, who later became a famous designer and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General. From him the couple had 2 grandchildren — and Vladimir Klim.

Awards

Klim Voroshilov is a knight of almost all the highest awards of the USSR. In particular, he twice received the title hero of the Soviet Union.

He has 8 orders of Lenin and 6 — of the red banner, and numerous other awards, including foreign countries. In particular, the warlord is a hero of the MPR, knight Grand cross of Finland, and an honorary citizen of the Turkish city of Izmir.Kliment Voroshilov biography

The perpetuation of the memory

During the life of Voroshilov became the most celebrated military figures of the Civil war, after whom composed songs, called collective farms, ships, factories, etc.

In his honor was named a few cities:

  • Voroshilovgrad (Lugansk) twice renamed and returned its historical name only in 1990.
  • Voroshilov (Alchevsk). In this city Marshal in his youth started his career and party activities.
  • Voroshilov (Ussuriysk, Primorsky Krai).
  • Voroshilov (Stavropol, from 1935 to 1943).

In addition, it was the name of Khoroshevsky district of the capital and the Central borough of the city of Donetsk.

 Marshal Voroshilov

To this day Voroshilov street is in dozens of cities of the former USSR. Including Hot Key, Togliatti, Brest, Orenburg, Penza, Ershov, Serpukhov, Kirov, Voronezh, Voronezh, Khabarovsk, Omsk, Kemerovo, Lipetsk, Rybinsk, Sankt-Peterburg, Simferopol, Chelyabinsk and Izhevsk. In Rostov-on-don there is also Voroshilovsky Avenue.

Special mention deserves the badge for the award of most accurate shooters, approved in late 1932 and named "Voroshilov sharpshooter”. According to the recollections of people whose youth fell on the prewar years, wearing it was prestigious, and young people sought to be sure to qualify for this icon.

In honor of Klim Efremovich was also named a series of KV tanks produced at the Putilov factory, and in 1941-1992 years it was the name of the Military Academy of the General staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR.

The Monument to Kliment Voroshilov installed on his grave. And in Moscow in the house № 3 on Romanov pereulok is announcing that a memorial plate.

Now you are aware of some facts of the biography of the famous Soviet military commander and party leader of Klim Efremovich Voroshilov. A great family man and a great patriot of his homeland, he nevertheless, in the years of Stalinist repression sent to the death of several thousand people, most of whom were not guilty of what they were accused, and spoke to the shooting.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://www.tostpost.com/ar/education/12490-marshal-of-the-soviet-union-kliment-voroshilov-biography-family.html

BE: https://www.tostpost.com/be/adukacyya/22372-marshal-saveckaga-sayuza-kl-ment-varashyla-b-yagraf-ya-syam-ya.html

DE: https://www.tostpost.com/de/bildung/22379-marschall-der-sowjetunion-kliment-woroschilow-biografie-familie.html

ES: https://www.tostpost.com/es/la-educaci-n/22398-el-mariscal-de-la-uni-n-sovi-tica-kliment-voroshilov-biograf-a-la-fami.html

HI: https://www.tostpost.com/hi/education/12507-kliment-voroshilov.html

JA: https://www.tostpost.com/ja/education/12509-marshal-kliment-voroshilov.html

KK: https://www.tostpost.com/kk/b-l-m/22364-ke-es-oda-yny-marshaly-kliment-voroshilov-m-rbayany-otbasy.html

PL: https://www.tostpost.com/pl/edukacja/22320-marsza-ek-zwi-zku-radzieckiego-kliment-woroszy-ow-biografia-rodzina.html

PT: https://www.tostpost.com/pt/educa-o/22322-marechal-da-uni-o-sovi-tica-clemente-voroshilov-biografia-fam-lia.html

TR: https://www.tostpost.com/tr/e-itim/22373-sovyetler-birli-i-mare-ali-kliment-voroshilov-biyografi-aile.html

UK: https://www.tostpost.com/uk/osv-ta/22362-marshal-radyans-kogo-soyuzu-kliment-voroshilov-b-ograf-ya-s-m-ya.html

ZH: https://www.tostpost.com/zh/education/13219-marshal-of-the-soviet-union-kliment-voroshilov-biography-family.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

Comments (0)

This article has no comment, be the first!

Add comment

Related News

Architectural structure: the monumental epitome of love, religion and eternity

Architectural structure: the monumental epitome of love, religion and eternity

back in the prehistoric times by various tribes, made fire, hunted, fished and engaged in farming. Findings related to the life of our ancestors, are one of the most interesting component of modern archaeological process. However,...

Magnetic generator

Magnetic generator

Free energy-the process by which energy is allocated more than was spent, or not spent at all. As an example of free energy it is possible to determine its production with wind generator, converts wind power into electricity. For ...

Artistic and aesthetic human need

Artistic and aesthetic human need

According to the results of archaeological excavations, we can conclude that even primitive people were peculiar aesthetic need. Researchers found examples of cave art, which was made about 30 thousand years ago. Even then the man...

Structure of bean seed (figure)

Structure of bean seed (figure)

In the vegetable world there are two forms of reproduction: asexual and sexual. The first type includes such methods of transmission of hereditary information that direct cell division, vegetative - with the help of a group of som...

Iodine: chemical properties, formula, number in the periodic table

Iodine: chemical properties, formula, number in the periodic table

an Alcoholic solution of iodine ... From childhood familiar to all children and their parents assistant for scrapes, abrasions and cuts. It is fast and effective in disinfecting and cauterizing the wound surface. However, the scop...

Always whether the adaptation is

Always whether the adaptation is "adaptation"?

translated from the Latin “adaptation” or adaptation – “device”. In biology it is accepted that adapt organisms to the environment, not Vice versa. Socio-psychological adaptation of the personality is...