Tamil language. Dravidian family of languages

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2018-03-18 20:45:43

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The Tamil language is one of the languages of the Dravidian group. It is widely distributed in southern India, is one of the official in this country. The unique antiquity of the language, its direct link with the rich culture of India, its wide area of distribution are encouraged to learn Tamil, an increasing number of people.

Speaking in Tamil

Most Hindus who speak Tamil, living in the state of Tamil Nadu – about 92% of the total living population in this part of the country considers native Tamil language. The numbers of researchers argue that, in addition to India, it can be heard in Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, people speak in Mauritania and North Africa. A lot of people in southern Indian States emigrated and now live in compact groups in the UK, Canada and the United States. The number of all speakers of Tamil is more than sixty million people.

Antiquity

The Word "Tamil" in Russian language came to us from their English transcription. In local languages the last sound of this word is submitted by using ‘l’ or ‘zh’. Original title is written like this:Tamil language

The Dravidian family of languages is a set of related dialects. The most common of them – Telugu, Konarski, Oron, malto and others. In the group and the Tamil language. He has his own, very ancient literature. The oldest records were found on a fossilized palm leaves, their age dates back to 200 BC Other text in Tamil was discovered in 2005. They are one of the oldest written records of mankind and belong to the 10th century BC. These records proved that Tamil language is from Sanskrit – is a completely separate dialect, which absorbed many words from Sanskrit, singlestage and other local languages.Dravidian language family there have been several attempts to remove introduced borrowing and return of Tamil language pristine purity. Linguistic battle begun by the purists, Maraimalai Adigal and Parikkala Kalaignar, was known under the name of 'thanith thamizh iyakkam'. Translated into Russian language it means a movement for pure Tamil language. So now in public and official speeches borrowed from the Sanskrit words do not appear in the texts.

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One of the most famous literary masterpieces, written in the languages of India, called “Thirukkural”. The author of the creation, Thiruvalluvar, most likely, was a contemporary of Christ. The most famous the first part of the poem – “Virtue”. This work is the backbone of the ancient Tamil literature. Tamil alphabetIt is often cited thinkers of the 19th and 20th centuries, Lev Tolstoy believed “Thirukkural” one of the greatest books of mankind. This ancient work was praised by the Nobel prize winner A. Schweitzer, who knew the Tamil language, translator and missionary George. The Pope who popularized the ‘Thirukkural”, and the great father of India Mahatma Gandhi.

Dialects

British researchers, who published their report in the famous edition of The Ethnologue, are called more than twenty existing dialects of the Tamil language. Geographically they were divided into six zones of maximal distribution: North, East, South, West, Central and dialect of Sri Lanka. On the island, the Tamil language has been preserved in its conservative form, while the mainland dialects have undergone a serious test, surviving the onslaught of foreign words and grammatical forms from other languages.

About Tamil – I wonder

Curious to know how the Tamil language. Alphabet it two-thirds looks standard – in modern literary Tamil has 18 consonants and 12 main characters. But the third part – the largest, consists of special letter combinations of airmalta. There are 216! These "syllables" and form the basis of the Tamil language.Tamil digits

In math, Tamila also may surprise you. By the way, Tamila – the so-called Tamil. The numbers in this ancient language has one peculiarity: they have no reference to dozens and hundreds, and each number has the owl “name”. Not only are whole natural numbers, but even the most difficult fractions. For example, the word immi referred to the fraction of 1/320 and 1/7 is called anu. Proper names are even those fractions which are practically applied in real life.

Classical Tamil

Berkeley – one of the most famous American universities (CA), an annual conference devoted to ancient and modern Tamila. Within the walls of Berkeley Tamila is considered a classic language, he is – ancient, has its own independent tradition, Tamila written many literary works. This language is the same ancient, as well as Coyne (classical Greek), and is much older than Arabic. For many centuries Tamila tried to avoid the verbal borrowings and dissemination in the native language of foreign words. Particularly resisted the influence of the language of Sanskrit. That is why it has retained its lexical composition for several thousand years. In 2004, Tamila was recognized as the first traditional language of India.

The Struggle for native language

The Tamils are very sensitive to their language. In their home state I believe that if the national language of India-Hindi – will be extended to their lands, native Tamila will quickly forget their native language. In the example of the defenders of the language lead Hyderabad, Mumbai, Kolkata, where local languages are practically extinct, and the population mainly speaks Hindi or English.Tamil translator

H Annadurai, former chief Minister of the state of Tamil Nadu, claimed that the decision to adopt Hindi as the national language was wrong. "Why India's national animal is the tiger, not a rat? Because rats most?" – he said. This statement Annadurai emphasized that there are issues that cannot be resolved by a simple majority of votes. To listen to the former Minister and in the Parliament of India, and outside of this great country. The struggle for the purity of the ancient languages continues. Really want to keep the classic Tamila for the descendants of the speakers of this amazing language.

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Article in other languages:

AR: https://www.tostpost.com/ar/education/3228-tamil-language-dravidian-family-of-languages.html

BE: https://www.tostpost.com/be/adukacyya/5699-tam-l-skaya-mova-drav-dyysk-h-syam-ya-mo.html

DE: https://www.tostpost.com/de/bildung/5699-die-sprache-tamil-dravidiyskaya-familie-sprachen.html

ES: https://www.tostpost.com/es/la-educaci-n/5704-el-idioma-tamil-dravidiyskaya-la-familia-de-las-lenguas.html

HI: https://www.tostpost.com/hi/education/3230-tamil-language-dravidian-family-of-languages.html

JA: https://www.tostpost.com/ja/education/3229-dravidian.html

KK: https://www.tostpost.com/kk/b-l-m/5701-tamil-t-l-dravidiyskaya-sem-ya-yazykov.html

PL: https://www.tostpost.com/pl/edukacja/5704-tamilski-j-zyk-dravidiyskaya-rodzina-j-zyk-w.html

PT: https://www.tostpost.com/pt/educa-o/5700-t-mil-dravidiyskaya-fam-lia-idiomas.html

TR: https://www.tostpost.com/tr/e-itim/5705-tamil-dili-dravidiyskaya-dil-ailesi.html

UK: https://www.tostpost.com/uk/osv-ta/5703-tam-l-s-ka-mova-dravidiyskaya-s-m-ya-mov.html

ZH: https://www.tostpost.com/zh/education/3477-tamil-language-dravidian-family-of-languages.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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