Vocabulary is the science that studies the set of words

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2018-03-18 06:50:09

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The Term in the headline of this article has two meanings. The definition of the vocabulary may be only way: linguistic phenomenon, and the study of its science.

What is language

First, vocabulary – a certain set of words of a particular language works (this also say about the thesaurus), and man. In the latter case, you can often find methodological term "vocabulary".

vocabulary is the science of studying

Second, lexicology – is the science that studies words. Explore them from many different perspectives: observing the changes in the Fund units of a particular language, and over that, how much similar or various related dialects, and how does each of the tokens. There are also some common questions. They relate to the word at all.

Science

The Word can be studied from many different perspectives. Morphology examines its grammatical meaning, morphemics and word formation – its morphemic composition and model. Vocabulary – is the study of the word itself: its meaning, history, relationships with other language units.

lexicon

The Words (or lexical units, lexemes) in a language are interesting, alive and in its own way a coherent system. Some of them are very similar to other in meaning and are often interchangeable (this is added to a system), others, however, opposite in meaning (antonyms is close and similar phenomena). One can coexist in a single text, others are so contradictory that their use in one the text looks weird or funny. In some cases, it is appropriate to use different units, in others their use is totally unacceptable (these issues do style). Therefore, the vocabulary as the science of studying not just each word separately, but the system itself, its rules, laws, regulations and potential.

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Sections vocabulary

As you can see, vocabulary – it is a science with broad interests, so each angle of view of the word or to the lexical system learns of her special section. First of all, among them onomasiology (science of "naming" or "category"), semantics and semasiology (in their framework explores the meaning, structure), phraseology (studies the linguistic phenomenon of the same name), onomastics (considering already existing names), and etymology (science of the origin of words), stylistics (it is mentioned) and lexicography (focuses on the description of vocabulary, compiling of dictionaries).

vocabulary of science

On some of these sections, we will elaborate further in this article.

Phraseology

Vocabulary – is the science that studies not only words but also their combinations, which represent strong associations. These "unity" is so indivisible that functioning in speech is almost on a par with words. Such combinations are called phraseological units.

Everyone is well familiar with such expressions as “pair”, “scratched on the bottom of the barrel”, “nail in the house to drive”, etc. Each of the words in such combinations almost lost its own significance. Not knowing the meaning of the idiom, it is often impossible “display” of the terms of its constituent "components" (as it is not entirely token, linguists speak about “components” of the idiom). Such formations are often baffled foreigners is due to the fact that the meaning of them – is not the sum of the meanings of words, but rather, either rolled in the expression of history or a certain artistic image. The story of idioms – one of the most popular and interesting areas of research.

defining vocabulary

These durable combination of, existing along with the tokens are also in close relationship with each other and with lexical units. Thus, precisely speaking, vocabulary – is the study of words and idioms.

Etymology

Its history is not only of each idiom, but each token. Vocabulary – it is the science that studies the present and past words. Etymology examines the origin of language units. For specialists in this field it is important, why this combination of sounds when he was referred to (called) a particular phenomenon. Maybe it's the word that was once borrowed from some language? What? Perhaps over time the token so distorted, began to sound so similar to its original version that the modern media no longer see its relationship with cognate words, unable to understand, that it is based – well-known root. The etymological meaning (the meaning that was embedded in the lexeme at the moment of appearance in language) is often surprising and may shed light on the true meaning of the lexical unit; it is often not only makes us think over the word, but also to revise their attitude to the phenomenon which it designates.

Any version of the origin of a word should be based on a masterly knowledge of the history of language. Unfortunately, in recent years, despite the development of linguistics and the accumulated historical data, there are cases of arbitrary interpretation of the birth tokens. Often unprofessional etymologization serves as a tool of ideologues who fail the "scientific basis" for their social and political concepts.

Semantics and semasiology

In the framework of the semantic lexicon – the science of the meaning of the word. “Seven” is some minimal elements of meaning. The value of each token – it is their unique combination. It is particularly interesting to compare the structure of meanings of words-counterparts in different languages. Mismatch of structure and composition of these minimal elements of meaning not only clearly show how different are the same at first glance, the words of different dialects, but clarify how different the mentality of the people “invent”.

vocabulary is a science

Of Course, despite the "specialization" of all of these sections of science are closely linked and studied, in fact, one phenomenon, focusing on its different sides, and it is the combination of many approaches makes lexicon one of the most exciting and rapidly developing areas of linguistics.

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Article in other languages:

AR: https://www.tostpost.com/ar/education/8867-vocabulary-is-the-science-that-studies-the-set-of-words.html

BE: https://www.tostpost.com/be/adukacyya/15900-leks-ka---geta-navuka-yakaya-vyvuchae-sukupnasc-slo.html

DE: https://www.tostpost.com/de/bildung/15910-vokabular---ist-eine-wissenschaft-die-gesamtheit-der-w-rter.html

ES: https://www.tostpost.com/es/la-educaci-n/15919-el-vocabulario-es-la-ciencia-que-estudia-el-conjunto-de-palabras.html

HI: https://www.tostpost.com/hi/education/8874-vocabulary-is-the-science-that-studies-the-set-of-words.html

JA: https://www.tostpost.com/ja/education/8873-vocabulary-is-the-science-that-studies-the-set-of-words.html

KK: https://www.tostpost.com/kk/b-l-m/15897-leksika---b-l-zertteyt-n-ylym-zhiynty-y-degen-s-zderden.html

PL: https://www.tostpost.com/pl/edukacja/15876-s-ownictwo---to-nauka-zajmuj-ca-si-zbi-r-s-w.html

PT: https://www.tostpost.com/pt/educa-o/15872-o-vocabul-rio-a-ci-ncia-que-estuda-o-conjunto-de-palavras.html

TR: https://www.tostpost.com/tr/e-itim/15905-kelime---bu-al-malar-bilim-toplulu-u-kelime.html

UK: https://www.tostpost.com/uk/osv-ta/15892-leksika---ce-nauka-scho-vivcha-sukupn-st-sl-v.html

ZH: https://www.tostpost.com/zh/education/9650-vocabulary-is-the-science-that-studies-the-set-of-words.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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