Crafted of leather for ancient books: title

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2018-04-01 20:32:09

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Old books carry a lot of diverse information. From them we can learn how society has evolved, and what materials were used for the manufacture of certain items. How could these monuments of medieval culture persist to the present day? Of course, much depended on the conditions, which contained ancient tomes. But the main role was played by all the same material from which they were made. Crafted of leather for ancient books, the name of which is still quite often used by humanity in everyday use, is the main subject of this article.

Features parchment

So, what is parchment? Nutshell, it is finely crafted of leather for ancient books. From the preceding papyrus parchment was distinguished by higher strength, which made the book more durable. In addition, this material had high plasticity. Books and certificates of parchment could bend and straighten again, they did not break.

tanned leather for ancient books

Crafted of leather for ancient books had another distinct advantage over other materials: it has not been subjected to soaking and salting. Keep books out of this material was easier and cheaper than papyrus scrolls. All this allowed the parchment to win the leading role and fully replace short-lived and fragile papyrus.

Origin of the word "parchment"

For the First time the tanned leather of ancient books mentioned in manuscripts Dating back to the 2nd Millennium BC. It was then Ptolemy V prohibits the export of papyrus to neighboring countries. During this period, in Pergamum (a city in Asia Minor), the local authorities were planning to organize one of the largest libraries. As a result of acute shortage of papyrus, the local masters took up the invention of the material for scrolls. The result is a short survey they opted for subtly tanned skin of calves. The name of parchment sounded like “charta pergamena” that meant “Pergamon sheets». A few centuries after him has been called "parchment".

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dressed leather

The Process of making parchment

Manufacturer of parchment paper – a very difficult and long process, this is what has led to the high cost of the books from this material. For the start off of a young animal the skin is washed with clean water, then dipped it in a VAT of lye ash (liming of skins). After a certain period of time, tanned skin was removed from the solution and dried away from sunlight but in the wind. Was degreased thus prepared the skin with chalk, rubbing it into the surface of the material. After this skin for a long time stablilise and smoothed with a pumice stone.

The Quality of parchment depended on where it was made. Cheapest was the tanned leather of ancient books made in the South. There were carefully cut only the inner (cold) part of the skin, causing one side of it was covered with bristles. In Northern Europe the skins of the parchment had been subjected to bilateral treatment, was white and smooth on both sides, so it cost much more expensive.

What to write on parchment

In books and documents made of parchment, records were made of feathers: goose, Swan or peacock. The ink was very diverse. The strongest were those that were prepared from an ink of nuts with the addition of gum.

tanned leather for ancient books called

Later, it became fashionable to write text with colored ink. In the 11th century gave priority to the red ink, in 13 they added blue and green colors. By the mid-14th century, came into use gold and silver ink, which is used to write the title of the rows and the ‘Holy names" in the gospel, and the Psalms.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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